Collective Effects and Their Control at the Spallation Neutron Source Ring∗
نویسندگان
چکیده
where r0 is the classical radius of proton, R0 is the average radius of circumference, νx,y,0 and σx,y are the base transverse tunes and rms beam sizes, and fsc (1/2 for an uniform, 1 for a Gaussian distribution) is the form factor, and ηe is the neutralization factor. The contribution from the electric and magnetic images of the beam are represented by Aim and A m im, respectively. Note that collective response must be considered for resonance-crossing analysis [2]. Longitudinally, space charge produces a defocusing potential below transition (γT )
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